The Four Stuart Kings · King of Spades
James VII of Scotland / James II of England
King of England, Scotland and Ireland
1633–1701
The King Who Inspired the Jacobite Cause
James VII of Scotland and II of England ascended the throne in 1685 following the death of his brother, Charles II.
A committed Roman Catholic ruling predominantly Protestant kingdoms, James faced growing opposition over his religious policies, appointments, and efforts to expand royal authority.
In 1688, the birth of his son, James Francis Edward Stuart, raised the prospect of a continuing Catholic royal dynasty. Political opponents invited William of Orange to intervene, triggering the Glorious Revolution.
James fled England in December 1688 and was subsequently displaced from the Scottish throne in 1689. He spent his remaining years in exile in France, where supporters continued to recognize him as the rightful monarch.
His followers became known as Jacobites, derived from Jacobus, the Latin form of James.
Historical Legacy
James VII and II became the central figure in the origins of Jacobitism, a movement devoted to restoring the exiled Stuart line to the British thrones.
